🦵Sciatica refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which extends from the lower back, through the hips and buttocks, and down each leg. It usually affects one side of the body and can cause discomfort ranging from mild to severe. ⭕️Causes of Sciatica Sciatica is not a condition itself but a symptom of an underlying issue, such as: ➡️Herniated Disc (Slipped Disc): A bulging or ruptured disc in the lower spine can press on the sciatic nerve. ➡️Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Narrowing of the spinal canal in the lower back puts pressure on the nerves. ➡️Spondylolisthesis: A condition where one vertebra slips forward over another, compressing the nerve. ➡️Piriformis Syndrome: The piriformis muscle (deep in the buttocks) spasms and irritates the sciatic nerve. ➡️Trauma or Injury: Accidents, falls, or repetitive stress can damage the sciatic nerve. ➡️Tumors or Infections: Rarely, spinal tumors or infections can cause sciatic nerve compression. Diabetes: In some cases, nerve damage due to diabetes (diabetic neuropathy) may mimic sciatica. 🔴Symptoms of Sciatica ✔️Sharp, shooting pain radiating from the lower back to the leg. ✔️Numbness, tingling, or burning sensation in the affected leg. ✔️Muscle weakness in the leg or foot. ✔️Pain that worsens with prolonged sitting, standing, or movement. ✔️Difficulty in walking or loss of reflexes in severe cases. Diagnosis of Sciatica 🧪Clinical Examination: A neurologist will evaluate: 🩺Straight Leg Raise Test (SLR): Lifting the leg while lying down to reproduce pain. 🌡️Neurological Tests: Reflexes, muscle strength, and sensation in the affected leg. 🔬Imaging Studies: 🩻X-rays: Detect bone abnormalities or fractures. 🧬MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Provides detailed images of soft tissues, discs, and nerves. 🩻CT Scan with Myelogram: Helps assess nerve compression. ⚡️Electromyography (EMG): Evaluates nerve function and identifies nerve damage. 🔧Treatment & Management of Sciatica 1. Conservative (Non-Surgical) Management Most cases improve within 4-6 weeks with: ✅ Rest & Activity Modification: Avoid prolonged sitting, heavy lifting, and twisting movements. ✅ Physical Therapy & Exercises: Stretching exercises for the lower back and hamstrings. Core strengthening to support the spine. Postural corrections to prevent future episodes. ✅ Medications: NSAIDs : To reduce pain and inflammation. Muscle Relaxants : If muscle spasms are present. Neuropathic Pain Medications : If nerve pain is severe. Steroid Injections: In cases of persistent inflammation. ✅ Heat & Cold Therapy: Alternating heat and ice packs for pain relief. 2. Surgical Treatment (For Severe Cases) 💊Surgery is considered if: Pain is severe and persistent despite conservative treatment. There is progressive muscle weakness or loss of bladder/bowel control (cauda equina syndrome). Surgical Options: 💊Microdiscectomy: Removal of herniated disc fragments compressing the nerve. 💊Laminectomy: Removal of part of the vertebra (lamina) to create space for the nerve. 🚫Prevention of Sciatica 🔹 Maintain Good Posture – Avoid slouching while sitting or standing. 🔹 Regular Exercise – Strengthen core muscles to support the spine. 🔹 Lift Objects Properly – Bend at the knees, not the waist. 🔹 Avoid Prolonged Sitting – Take breaks, stretch, and use an ergonomic chair. 🔹 Healthy Weight Management – Reduces strain on the lower spine. ✳️Conclusion Sciatica is a common neurological condition that can often be managed with conservative treatments. However, early diagnosis and appropriate intervention are crucial to prevent complications. A multidisciplinary approach, including neurology, physiotherapy, and holistic care, can provide optimal recovery and long-term relief. 👉 If you or a loved one notice symptoms like above , consult the Best Neurologist near you promptly. Early care can make a meaningful difference. The nearest Neurologist in HSR Layout, Bengaluru. 📍Dr. Advait Kulkarni (Neurologist, MBBS, DM) www.dradvaitkulkarni.com