A thunderclap headache is a sudden and severe headache that peaks within 60 seconds. The intensity often feels like a “clap of thunder, ” hence the name. These headaches can be frightening and are a signal for urgent medical evaluation. Key Features Onset: Rapid and intense, reaching maximum severity within one minute Duration: Can last from minutes to hours Location: May occur anywhere in the head and may radiate to the neck or back Possible Causes While some causes are harmless, others can be life-threatening: Serious Conditions: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (bleeding around the brain) Stroke Brain aneurysm rupture Blood clot in the brain (cerebral venous thrombosis) Meningitis or brain infection Benign Causes: Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) Primary thunderclap headache Cough, exertion, or sexual activity-induced headache Symptoms to Watch For Sudden, severe headache with no warning Nausea or vomiting Sensitivity to light (photophobia) Weakness, numbness, or difficulty speaking Stiff neck or fever When to Seek Medical Help Always treat a thunderclap headache as a medical emergency. Seek immediate care if you experience: The sudden onset of an intense headache Neurological symptoms (e.g., confusion, vision changes) Headache following trauma Persistent or worsening symptoms Diagnosis and Tests Imaging: CT scan or MRI of the brain Lumbar Puncture: To check for blood or infection in cerebrospinal fluid Blood Tests: To rule out infection or clotting issues Treatment Treatment depends on the cause: Emergency Interventions: For aneurysms or strokes Medications: To manage blood vessel constriction, pain relief, or infection Lifestyle Adjustments: If benign triggers are identified Takeaway Message Thunderclap headaches are a serious symptom that requires immediate attention. While not all cases are life-threatening, prompt diagnosis ensures the best outcomes. If you or someone you know experiences a sudden, severe headache, act quickly by seeking emergency care. Your health and peace of mind are our priorities. Stay informed and proactive about your well-being. To Book Appointment with Dr Advait Kulkarni www.dradvaitkulkarni@gmail.com